The controvesy reminded me of a paper I wrote a few years ago for my Multicultural class while obtaining my teaching degree. I'm not one to stand on a soap box on my blog, but I decided to throw caution to the wind and post my paper. Ironically, while checking sources for this post, I found this priceless little item. It seems that in 1965, Geno's was an "Italian Only" restaurant - not only were the menus written in Italian - but Italian was the only language spoken. In other words, if you didn't know Italian, you were shit out of luck in 1965 Geno's. I can't help but wonder what language the 2045 Geno's will insist on.
The English Only Debate
The debate for and against English Only laws has been raging for as long as the United States has been in existence. Are English Only laws a beneficial paradigm that will unify a nation? Or are they a detrimental scheme that will divide it? Ever since the first colonists came to America and claimed it as their own, this country has been a multilingual nation. In the early days of America, it was not uncommon to hear as many as 20 languages spoken on a given day. Languages such as French, German, and Dutch were as common as English. In fact, so prevalent was the use of German that even the Articles of Confederation were printed in both English and German. As the nation’s population diversity grew during the 19th and 20th centuries, so did the diversity of its languages. The more the diversity grows, the more people argue over the concept of English Only laws. But what exactly are English Only laws? And more importantly, who will the laws effect?
English Only laws vary from state to state. Some statutes simply declare English as the "official" language of the state. Others limit or ban non-English language assistance and services normally provided by local governments. Examples include restriction of bilingual education programs, denying multilingual ballots for elections, and prohibiting non-English government services in general -- such as courtroom translation services and multilingual emergency police lines. At this point in time there are 16 states that have English Only laws - including Florida and California – both of which have some of the largest populations of immigrants in the country. While English Only laws primarily apply to government programs, there are some laws that extend to the private sector as well; in some Southern California cities it is forbidden to use foreign languages on private business signs.
In 1780, John Adams proposed to the Continental Congress that an official academy be created to "purify, develop, and dictate usage of," English. His proposal was rejected as undemocratic and a threat to individual liberty. This was the first example of an English Only law in America. In the early 19th century laws were again proposed, mostly in response to massive waves of immigration. The laws were an attempt to “Americanize” the immigrants. In the early 1980s, again during a period of concern about new immigration, a movement started to seek the establishment of English as the nation's official language. This movement had some success, resulting in many of the current English Only laws now in place. At present, for the first time in history, an English Language Amendment to the Constitution has been proposed.
As always, there are two sides to every argument. I dislike the concept of “English Only” to the exclusion of all other languages, especially when it comes to the private sector. The idea of the government telling people what language they can put on their own business signs smacks of a violation of free speech. I also disagree with the concept of the government not providing services to those that do not speak English. Is that only directed at immigrants? What about foreign visitors? Must they learn English to simply visit our country? Should a person not be entitled to emergency services because he or she can’t speak English? How far does this go? Wasn’t this nation founded on immigration? Because unless you are a Native American, you are an immigrant - be it first, second, third, or tenth generation.
On the other hand, I can see the point of English Only laws – to a certain extent. Almost every nation on earth has an official language. Why can’t the United States declare English as its national language? Why do we spend excessive amounts of time and energy bending over backwards for every cultural group in this country? Are we, as a nation, allowed to have an American identity and culture of our own? What is wrong with expecting people to assimilate to this society? I lived in Italy for a short time, and I assumed the customs and traditions of this country because it was my choice to place myself in this culture.I did not completely lose my American identity, and nobody expected me to. But I did learn enough of the language to get myself around, and I did make an effort to assimilate myself in my new surroundings. Some of the areas I spent time in had a lot of people that spoke English, and I was always grateful when these people would help me. But there were many rural areas where English was not spoken, and you know what? I dealt with it. I did not expect them to do for me – I was the foreigner, and I respected the fact that I needed to speak Italian in order to make myself understood.
Both arguments have their valid points. I think the problem is that people take extreme sides of this argument. Why not declare English as the official language of the United States, and yet still allow for other languages to be a part of our national culture as well? We live in a nation that is multilingual; there is no denying it. Why does everything have to be so extreme? Can’t we all meet somewhere in the middle? Or as the saying goes – can’t we all just get along?
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One year ago today: the infamous Accidental Flash.
English Only laws vary from state to state. Some statutes simply declare English as the "official" language of the state. Others limit or ban non-English language assistance and services normally provided by local governments. Examples include restriction of bilingual education programs, denying multilingual ballots for elections, and prohibiting non-English government services in general -- such as courtroom translation services and multilingual emergency police lines. At this point in time there are 16 states that have English Only laws - including Florida and California – both of which have some of the largest populations of immigrants in the country. While English Only laws primarily apply to government programs, there are some laws that extend to the private sector as well; in some Southern California cities it is forbidden to use foreign languages on private business signs.
In 1780, John Adams proposed to the Continental Congress that an official academy be created to "purify, develop, and dictate usage of," English. His proposal was rejected as undemocratic and a threat to individual liberty. This was the first example of an English Only law in America. In the early 19th century laws were again proposed, mostly in response to massive waves of immigration. The laws were an attempt to “Americanize” the immigrants. In the early 1980s, again during a period of concern about new immigration, a movement started to seek the establishment of English as the nation's official language. This movement had some success, resulting in many of the current English Only laws now in place. At present, for the first time in history, an English Language Amendment to the Constitution has been proposed.
As always, there are two sides to every argument. I dislike the concept of “English Only” to the exclusion of all other languages, especially when it comes to the private sector. The idea of the government telling people what language they can put on their own business signs smacks of a violation of free speech. I also disagree with the concept of the government not providing services to those that do not speak English. Is that only directed at immigrants? What about foreign visitors? Must they learn English to simply visit our country? Should a person not be entitled to emergency services because he or she can’t speak English? How far does this go? Wasn’t this nation founded on immigration? Because unless you are a Native American, you are an immigrant - be it first, second, third, or tenth generation.
On the other hand, I can see the point of English Only laws – to a certain extent. Almost every nation on earth has an official language. Why can’t the United States declare English as its national language? Why do we spend excessive amounts of time and energy bending over backwards for every cultural group in this country? Are we, as a nation, allowed to have an American identity and culture of our own? What is wrong with expecting people to assimilate to this society? I lived in Italy for a short time, and I assumed the customs and traditions of this country because it was my choice to place myself in this culture.I did not completely lose my American identity, and nobody expected me to. But I did learn enough of the language to get myself around, and I did make an effort to assimilate myself in my new surroundings. Some of the areas I spent time in had a lot of people that spoke English, and I was always grateful when these people would help me. But there were many rural areas where English was not spoken, and you know what? I dealt with it. I did not expect them to do for me – I was the foreigner, and I respected the fact that I needed to speak Italian in order to make myself understood.
Both arguments have their valid points. I think the problem is that people take extreme sides of this argument. Why not declare English as the official language of the United States, and yet still allow for other languages to be a part of our national culture as well? We live in a nation that is multilingual; there is no denying it. Why does everything have to be so extreme? Can’t we all meet somewhere in the middle? Or as the saying goes – can’t we all just get along?
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One year ago today: the infamous Accidental Flash.